Potensi Isolat Bakteri Selulolitik Toleran Panas Asal Tanah, Sampah Dapur, dan Kotoran Sapi Dalam Biodegradasi Serasah Daun
Abstract
Abstrak
Bakteri selulolitik memainkan peranan penting dalam biodegradasi komponen selulosa pada sampah organik. Namun, proses pengomposan umumnya melewati fase termofilik (suhu mencapai 55 °C), sehingga tidak semua bakteri dapat bertahan. Sebanyak delapan isolat bakteri selulolitik telah berhasil diisolasi dari tanah, sampah dapur, dan kotoran sapi. Namun, isolat-isolat tersebut belum diketahui aktivitas selulolitiknya pada suhu tinggi dan kemampuannya dalam mendegradasi biomassa serasah daun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas selulolitik isolat bakteri pada suhu tinggi secara kualitatif, mengetahui aktivitas selulolitik isolat bakteri secara kuantitatif, dan mengetahui kemampuan isolat bakteri selulolitik dalam mendegradasi biomassa serasah daun. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tahapan peremajaan isolat, skrining kualitatif aktivitas selulolitik isolat pada suhu ruangan, 45 °C dan 55 °C, skrining kuantitatif aktivitas selulolitik isolat, dan uji degradasi biomassa serasah daun. Sebanyak 6 dari 8 isolat bakteri menunjukkan aktivitas selulolitik pada medium Carboxy Methyl Celullose (CMC) Agar pada suhu 55 °C. Berdasarkan uji aktivitas enzim secara kuantitatif, 3 isolat (KS1, KS4, dan SD5) dengan aktivitas enzim tertinggi terpilih untuk pengujian degradasi serasah daun dan menunjukkan rata-rata aktivitas enzim secara berurutan 0,0074 UI/mL; 0,0080 UI/mL; 0,0159 UI/mL. Ketiga isolat mampu mempercepat proses degradasi serasah daun dan berpotensi sebagai agen pengomposan.
Abstract
However, the composting process generally passes through a thermophilic phase (55 °C), so that not all bacteria can survive. A total of 8 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from soil, kitchen waste, and cow dung have not yet known their cellulolytic activity at high temperatures and their ability to degrade leaf litter biomass. This study aimed to determine the cellulolytic activity of bacterial isolates at high temperatures qualitatively, to determine the cellulolytic activity of bacterial isolates quantitatively, and to determine the ability of these isolates to degrade leaf litter biomass. The research was carried out by reculture isolates; qualitative screening of isolate cellulolytic activity at room temperature, 45 °C and 55 °C; quantitative screening of isolate cellulolytic activity; and leaf litter biomass degradation test. Six of eight bacterial isolates showed cellulolytic activity on Carboxy Methyl Celullose (CMC) Agar medium at 55 °C. Three isolates (KS1, KS4, and SD5) with the highest enzyme activity were selected for the leaf litter degradation test and showed an average enzyme activity of 0.0074 UI/mL; 0.0080 UI/mL; 0.0159 UI/mL, respectively. The three isolates were able to accelerate the degradation process of leaf litter and have potential as composting agents.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.25616 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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