Isolasi dan Uji Aktivitas Enzim Β-Galaktosidase Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) dari Fermentasi Buah Sirsak (Annona muricata L.)

Fitri Yuniarti, Wahyu Hidayati, Septi Setiawati, Khansa Nabilah

Abstract


Abstrak

Kemampuan bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dalam menghasilkan enzim β-galaktosidase berguna untuk mengatasi masalah pencernaan pada penderita intoleransi laktosa. Buah sirsak (Annona muricata L.) adalah salah satu sumber isolat BAL. Kandungan glukosa pada buah sirsak berguna untuk pertumbuhan BAL, terutama selama proses fermentasi buah sirsak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat BAL yang memiliki aktivitas enzim β-galaktosidase yang diisolasi selama proses fermentasi buah sirsak. Aktivitas enzim diuji dengan mengukur kemampuan enzim β-galaktosidase dalam menguraikan laktosa menjadi monosakarida. Penelitian di awali dengan isolasi BAL selama fermentasi buah sirsak dan dilanjutkan dengan karakterisasi BAL secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis.  Pengukuran aktivitas enzim isolat BAL terpilih dilakukan dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Visible dengan substrat o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) dan dilanjutkan pengukuran kadar protein dengan metode Bradford. Hasil penelitian menemukan enam isolat BAL. Aktivitas enzim β-galaktosidase tertinggi ditemukan pada isolat SM6, yaitu 0,292 U/mL dan kadar protein 0,8092 mg/mL. Penelitian ini menemukan, buah sirsak merupakan sumber isolat BAL yang potensial menghasilkan enzim β-galaktosidase. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi informasi tambahan mengenai bahan alam sumber isolat BAL penghasil enzim β-galaktosidase, untuk dapat dimanfaatkan bagi penderita intoleransi laktosa.

Abstract

The ability of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) to produce β-galactosidase enzymes is useful for overcoming digestive problems in people with lactose intolerance. Soursop fruit (Annona muricata L.) is a source of LAB isolates, the glucose content in soursop fruit is useful for LAB growth, especially during the fermentation process of soursop fruit. This study aims to obtain LAB isolates that have β-galactosidase enzyme activity isolated during the fermentation process of soursop fruit. Enzyme activity was tested by measuring the ability of the β-galactosidase enzyme to break down lactose into monosaccharides. The research was started with LAB isolation during soursop fruit fermentation and continued with macroscopic and microscopic characterization of LAB. Examination of the enzyme activity of selected LAB isolates was carried out using a visible spectrophotometer with o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) substrate and continued with protein content measurement using the Bradford method. The results of the study found six LAB isolates. The highest activity of -galactosidase enzyme was found in SM6 isolate, which was 0.292 U/mL and protein content was 0.8092 mg/mL. This study showed that soursop fruit is a source of LAB isolates that have the potential to produce β-galactosidase enzymes. The results of this study are expected to provide additional information regarding natural sources of LAB isolates that produce β-galactosidase enzymes, to be used by people with lactose intolerance.


Keywords


Bakteri asam laktat; Buah sirsak (Annona muricata L.); Enzim β-galaktosidase; Fermentasi; β-galactosidase enzyme; Fermentation; Lactic acid bacteria; Soursop fruit (Annona muricate. L.)

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bintang, M. (2010). Biokimia teknik penelitian. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapidand sensitive for the quantitation of microgram quantitites of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Journal Analytical Biochemistry, 1(72), 248-254. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3.

Buckle, K. A., Edwards, R. A., Fleet, G. H., & Wootton, M. (1985). Ilmu pangan (H. Purnomo, & Adiono, Terjemahan). Jakarta: Food Science.

Campbell, A. K., Waud, J. P., & Matthews, S. B. (2005). The molecular basis of lactose Intolerance. Journal Science Progress, 88(3), 157-202. doi: 10.3184/003685005783238408.

Diniyah, N., Subagio, A., & Fauzi, M., (2013). Produksi minuman fungsional sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dengan fermentasi bakteri asam laktat. Jurnal Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Jember,7(2), 1007-1012.

Fazriyani, R. (2015). Isolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri asam laktat penghasil enzim β-galaktosidase dari buah durian (Skripsi sarjana). Fakultas Farmasi dan Sains, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Harti, A. S. (2012). Dasar-dasar mikrobiologi kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Nuha Medika.

Huang, D. Q., Prevost, H., & Divies, C. (1995). Principal characteristics of ß-galactosidase from Leuconostoc spp. Journal International Dairy, 1(5), 29-43. doi: 10.1016/0958-6946(94)P1597-7.

Hsu, C. A., Yu, R. C., & Chou, C. C. (2005). Production of β-galactosidase by Bifidobacteria as influenced by various culture conditions. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 104(2), 197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.02.010.

Kilara, A., & Shahani, K. M. (1976). Lactase activity of cultured and acidified dairy products. Journal Dairy Science, 59(12), 2031-2035. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(76)84484-0.

Khusniati, T., Aditya, A. T., Choliq, A., Sulistiani. (2013). Characterization and identification of the best screened indigenous lactic acid bacteria producing β-galactosidase. Handbook of The 3rd International Conference on Biological Science. 439-445. doi: 10.18502/kls.v2i1.189.

Lu, L. L., Xiao, M., Li, Z. Y., Li, Y. M., & Wang, F. S. (2009). A novel transglycosylating β- galactosidase from Lactobacillus indigen B5. Process Biochemistry, 2(44), 232-236. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.10.010.

Pelczar, M. J., & Chan, E. C. S. (1986). Dasar-dasar mikrobiologi (R. S. Hadioetomo, T. Imas, S. S. Tjitrosomo, & S. L. Angka, Terjemahan). UI Press, Jakarta. Elements of Microbiology.

Prihantini, N. N., Khusniati, T., Bintang, M., Choliq, A., & Sulistiani. (2013). Purifikasi parsial dan karakterisasi β-galaktosidase dari Lactobacillus plantarum strain D-210. Jurnal Kedokteran Yarsi, 21(1), 014-026. doi: 10.33476/jky.v21i1.

Radji, M. (2009). Buku ajar mikrobiologi: Panduan mahasiswa farmasi dan kedokteran. Jakarta: EGC.

Sari, Y. N. M., Syukur, S., & Jamsari. (2013). Isolasi, karakterisasi, dan identifikasi DNA bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang berpotensi sebagai antimikroba dari fermentasi markisa kuning (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa). Jurnal Kimia FMIPA Universitas Andalas, 2(84).

Schnurer, J., & Magnusson, J. (2005). Antifungal lactic acid bacteria as biopreservatives. Journal Trends Food Science and technology, 16(1), 70-78. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2004.02.014.

Sinuhaji, A. B. (2006). Intoleransi laktosa. Majalah Kedokteran Nusantara, 39(4), 424-429.

Surono, I. S. (2004). Probiotik: Susu fermentasi dan kesehatan. Jakarta: Tri Cipta Karya.

Toba, T., Hayasaka, I., Taguchi, S., Adachi, S. (1990). A new method for manufacture of lactose-hydrolysed fermented milk. Journal of Science Food Agriculture, 52(3), 403-407. doi:10.1002/JSFA.2740520313.

Yulia, F. (2014). Isolasi bakteri asam laktat dari fermentasi buah sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dan penentuan aktivitas antimikrobanya (Skripsi sarjana). Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia.

Winarno, F. G. (1999). Enzim pangan. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v15i1.15523 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


This work is licensed under a CC-BY- SA.

Indexed By:

/public/site/images/rachma/logo_moraref_75 /public/site/images/rachma/logo_google_scholar_75_01 /public/site/images/rachma/logo_isjd_120 /public/site/images/rachma/logo_garuda_75 /public/site/images/rachma/logo_crossref_120/public/site/images/rachma/logo_base_2_120 /public/site/images/rachma/neliti-blue_75   /public/site/images/rachma/dimensions-logo_120