Kadar Mangiferin Pada Lima Kultivar Pucuk Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica L.)
Abstract
Abstrak
Pemanfaatan pucuk daun mangga (Mangifera indica L.) oleh masyarakat menjadi lalapan dan dipercaya berkhasiat sebagai obat tradisional. Hal ini merupakan suatu proses kearifan lokal berdasarkan pengalaman empiris orang-orang terdahulu yang kemudian dijadikan kajian studi ilmiah, yaitu etnobotani. Kajian studi etnobotani termasuk pemanfaatan pucuk daun mangga sebagai lalapan masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif termasuk mangiferin yang terkandung dalam lima kultivar mangga. Sampel kultivar mangga yang digunakan dalam penelitian antara lain Manalagi, Arum manis, Cengkir, Gedong apel dan Golek. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu skrining fitokimia dan pengukuran kadar senyawa mangiferin dengan HPLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sampel positif mengandung senyawa bioaktif alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Kadar senyawa mangiferin paling tinggi secara berurutan terdapat pada kultivar Arum manis (20,83%), Manalagi (20,56%), Gedong apel (18,54%), Cengkir (15,10%), dan Golek (5,05%). Kultivar mangga Arum manis memiliki kadar mangiferin paling tinggi, untuk selanjutnya dapat dikaji pemanfaatannya sebagai obat herbal tradisional.
Abstract
Utilization young leaf of mango (Mangifera indica L.) by the community as lalapan and it is believed to be efficacious as traditional medicines. This process through of local wisdom based on empirical experience of conservative people used as a scientific study, namely ethnobotany. Ethnobotany studies include the use of mango leaf shoots as fresh vegetables are still rarely performed.This study aims to determine bioactive compounds including mangiferin contained in five cultivars of mango. Mango cultivar samples used in this study include Manalagi, Arum manis, Cengkir, Gedong apel and Golek. The research method used was phytochemical screening and measurement of mangiferin compounds by HPLC. The results showed a positive sample containing bioactive compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The highest levels of mangiferin compounds were found in Arum manis (20.83%), Manalagi (20.56%), Gedong apel (18.54%), Cengkir (15.10%) and Golek (5.05%). Arum manis cultivars has highest value of mangiferin levels, which can be explored for their use as traditional herbal medicines.
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