Styrofoam Biodegradation by Soil Bacteria Isolated from Landfill Site in Sarimukti Cipatat Bandung
Abstract
Abstrak
Styrofoam digunakan sebagai kemasan makanan atau minuman, dibentuk oleh stiren dan benzena. Migrasi benzena dari bahan kemasan ke makanan dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit. Cara untuk mengurangi limbah styrofoam adalah dengan mencari bakteri yang dapat mendegradasi styrofoam secara alami. Sumber potensial untuk menemukan bakteri tersebut adalah di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sarimukti. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas uji biodegradasi dengan metode Winogradsky Column, perhitungan persentase penurunan berat kering Styrofoam, analisis fisik dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan analisis perubahan gugus fungsi dengan FT-IR.Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan 4 spesies bakteri pendegradasi polistiren yaitu Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus, dan Bacillus firmus. Persentase penurunan berat kering polistiren menunjukkan pada minggu kedelapan mencapai 18,23% dan analisis fisik dengan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa proses degradasi oleh bakteri tanah menghasilkan pembentukan pori-pori di permukaan Styrofoam. Analisis gugus fungsi menunjukkan bahwa gugus fungsi menjadi lebih sederhana setelah degradasi dengan munculnya gugus fungsi C-O pada bilangan gelombang 1.030,02 cm-1. Bakteri pendegradasi polistiren dari tempat pembuangan akhir Sarimukti ini dapat direkomendasikan sebagai metode yang ramah lingkungan untuk mengurangi limbah styrofoam.
Abstract
Styrofoam is commonly used in food and beverage packaging. Styrofoam or polystyrene is made from styrene and benzene. The migration of benzene from packaging materials into foods can cause various diseases. One effort to reduce styrofoam waste is possible by searching for bacteria that can degrade styrofoam naturally. Potential source of place where the bacteria will be discovered is the landfill site in Sarimukti This research applied exploratory methods through descriptive qualitative analysis. The stages of the study consisted of biodegradation testing using the Winogradsky method, calculation of the percentage of dry weight loss of Styrofoam, physical analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and analysis of changes in functional groups using FTIR. This study discovered 4 species of polystyrene degrading bacteria, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus firmus. The percentage of dry weight reduction of polystyrene was shown in the eighth week which reached 18.23% and physical analysis by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicated that the process of degradation by soil bacteria resulted in formation of pores on the surface of styrofoam. Functional group analysis produced a simpler functional groups after the degradation as marked by the appearance of C-O functional groups at wavenumber of 1,030.02 cm-1. The use of these polystyrene degrading bacteria from Sarimukti landfill can be recommended as an environmentally friendly method for reducing styrofoam waste.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v13i2.14529 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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