Karakteristik Molekuler Kelelawar (Microchiroptera), berdasarkan DNA Mitokondria (Gen COI) di Gua Sukabumi dan Sentul Jawa Barat
Abstract
Abstrak
Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) merupakan salah satu gen mitokondria untuk membantu konstruksi dari pohon filogeni yang dapat bertindak sebagai gen marker. Gen COI memiliki keakuratan dalam mengidentifikasi spesies dan umumnya digunakan sebagai “DNA Barcoding”. Informasi mengenai karakteristik genetik berdasarkan DNA mitokondria pada kelelawar di Sukabumi dan Sentul belum banyak dilaporkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik kelelawar berdasarkan DNA mitokondria dengan penanda Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) sebagai DNA barcoding. Isolasi DNA total dilakukan menggunakan Kit Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit cat no 69504 (50) berdasarkan prosedur Spin-Column Protocol dengan modifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gen COI telah berhasil mengidentifikasi karakteristik spesies. Dua haplotipe didapatkan dari masing-masing populasi. Berdasarkan barcode DNA menunjukkan populasi Sukabumi merupakan spesies Chaerephon plicatus dengan nilai identitas genetik sebesar 97,08%, sedangkan populasi Sentul menunjukkan perbedaan secara genetik dengan spesies Hipposideros larvatus dengan nilai identitas genetik sebesar 94,85%. Identifikasi secara genetik dengan menggunakan gen COI menunjukkan bahwa kelelawar yang berasal Sukabumi adalah spesies Chaerephon plicatus dengan jarak genetik sebesar 3,1%. Kelelawar yang berasal dari Sentul memiliki kedekatan dengan spesies Hipposideros larvatus namun memiliki jarak genetik sebesar 5,2%.
Abstract
Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) is one of the mitochondrial genes to help the construction of phylogeny trees that can act as marker genes. The COI gene has accuracy in identifying species and is commonly used as "DNA Barcoding". Information about genetic characteristics based on mitochondrial DNA in bats in Sukabumi and Sentul has not been widely reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of bats based on Mitochondrial DNA with Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) markers as DNA barcoding. Total DNA isolation was carried out using the Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit paint no. 69504 (50) based on the Spin-Column Protocol procedure with modifications. The results of this study indicate that the COI gene has successfully identified species characteristics. Two haplotypes were obtained from each population. Based on DNA barcodes, the population of Sukabumi is a species of Chaerephon plicatus with a genetic identity value of 97.08%, while the Sentul population shows genetic differences with the Hipposideros larvatus species with a genetic identity value of 94.85%. Genetic identification using the COI gene shows that the bats originating from Sukabumi is a spesies Chaerephon plicatus with a genetic distance of 3.1%. The bats originating from Sentul are closely related to the species Hipposideros larvatus but have a genetic distance of 5.2%.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v14i1.14147 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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