KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH ALIRAN TAREKAT SYATTARIYAH DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT PARIAMAN

Abstract

Da'wah communication patterns of the Syattariyah Order is characterized by a hierarchical and personal nature, centering on the relationship between the mursyid (spiritual teacher) and the disciple. This communication is personal (face-to-face), Sufistic in character, and institutionalized within the order's structure. The presence of the Syattariyah Order in Pariaman fostered a new societal structure and gave rise to religious figures known as Tuanku,  spiritual teachers, qadi, imam, khatib, and labai, who are held in high esteem due to their central roles in the community's social and religious life. There are also other institutions holding customary offices dedicated to religious duties, such as the Imam, Khatik, and Labai. Additionally, there is a specific religious office known as Tuanku Qadi, held by a religious figure responsible for solemnizing marriages. This study employs a qualitative approach and utilizes Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of cultural sociology, specifically his theory of social practice. The findings indicate that the presence of the Syattariyah Order created a new structure and drove social change in Pariaman, with the relationship between religion and culture serving to mutually reinforce and perfect the social order.

Keywords: Syattariyah Order, Pariaman, New Structure, Social Practice