Buletin Al-Turas is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal published by Fakultas Adab and Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta in collaboration with ADIA (Asosiasi Dosen Ilmu-Ilmu Adab). The journal aims to provide readers with a better understanding of humanities studies through the publication of current academic articles. Buletin Al-Turas specializes in humanities studies, including history, literature, applied linguistics, cultures, and library sciences. Articles may be written in English, Arabic, or Indonesian, and the journal welcomes contributions from scholars working in related disciplines.
Fakultas Adab and Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Digital Fluency: Why Gamers Might Make Better Communicators
Purpose The primary objective of this study is to investigate how social media and online games influence student-lecturer interpersonal communication within a campus environment. Additionally, the research aims to identify strategies to mitigate adverse outcomes, such as potential addiction, while leveraging the positive benefits of these platforms to foster stronger academic relationships and English proficiency. Method This research employed a qualitative approach involving 70 Communication Science students in South Jakarta. Data were collected using a combination of semi-structured interviews and 20-item demographic questionnaires. The gathered data were then descriptively analyzed to understand the students' usage patterns and the subsequent impact on their academic communication and social interactions. Results/findings The study found that online games significantly enhance English speaking, pronunciation, and listening-based vocabulary through immersive, interactive environments. Furthermore, social media was shown to improve interaction with peers and lecturers by facilitating collaborative learning and direct engagement, effectively boosting students' confidence in English interpersonal communication. Conclusion These findings highlight the dual nature of digital tools, emphasizing their potential as educational aids despite the challenges of overuse. It is recommended that educators and policymakers develop balanced strategies and informed policies that maximize these linguistic and social benefits while mitigating potential drawbacks to ensure a healthy academic environment.
Perceived Communicative Competence (PCC)
Copyright (c) 2026 Suciana Wijirahayu, Eko Digdoyo , Retno Hendryanti, Asyam Ahmad Fathin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Faith and Ethnicity: The Fusion of Ulama, Chinese, and Javanese in the 1750 Sabil War of Lasem
Purpose This research aimed to analyze the contributions of three pivotal figures—Kiai Ali Badhawi, Oei Ing Kiat, and Raden Panji Marghana—in the Sabil War of Lasem. The study sought to explore how these leaders leveraged charismatic and traditional authority to build alliances across ethnic divides in resistance against VOC colonization. Method This study employed a historical research method, comprising four stages: heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Primary and secondary sources, such as Carita Sejarah Lasem and Sabda Badra-Santi, were analyzed to understand the leadership dynamics and social networks during the Sabil War. The research applied Weber’s leadership theory and social capital framework to examine cross-ethnic coalitions. Results/findings The study revealed that the three leaders used charismatic and traditional authority to foster a multi-ethnic resistance. Their ability to mobilize diverse groups was supported by strong social networks, transcending ethnic boundaries, which played a critical role in organizing the resistance against VOC colonial forces. Conclusion The study concluded that the fluid, kinship-based, and syncretic leadership practices—strengthened by the formation of collective identity in contemporary crowd psychology—challenge the universality of Weber’s Eurocentric ideal types. Future research should therefore conduct a critical dialogue between Weberian theory, the Social Identity Approach, and local anti-colonial experiences.
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdul Aziz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Aristocratic Agency and Religious Transformation: The Role of Pajajaran Elites in the Islamization of Banten
Purpose This study aimed to explain the role of the Pajajaran Kingdom's nobility in the Islamization process of Banten. It focuses on tracing how local elites contributed to the region’s emerging Islamic identity and participated in the socio-religious transformation that accompanied the early spread of Islam. Method The research employed a qualitative, descriptive-historical approach. Primary sources — including manuscripts, chronicles, archival materials, and historical documents—were analyzed through textual examination and historical reconstruction to uncover the political, cultural, and religious dynamics linking Pajajaran nobles with key actors in Banten’s Islamization. Results/findings The study finds that Pajajaran nobles played an active role in Islamization, not as marginal figures but as agents of transformation. Figures such as Syarif Hidayatullah, Maulana Hasanuddin, Ki Agus Jo, and Mas Jong used persuasive strategies grounded in Sufi values, facilitating broad acceptance of Islam. Their efforts consolidated Banten’s position as a prominent Islamic sultanate in the Nusantara between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. Conclusion The findings reaffirmed that Islamization in Indonesia unfolded through peaceful and cultural means rather than religious hegemony. Future research is encouraged to investigate the contributions of other local actors within the wider Islamization networks of the archipelago.
Copyright (c) 2026 Didin Saepudin, Zubair Zubair, Fahmi Irfani, Alfida Alfida https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Saving the Lost Melodies: Community-Based Documentation of Gambang Kromong Intangible Cultural Heritage
Purpose This study aims to critically examine the documentation processes of the Gambang Kromong intangible cultural heritage and to analyze the operational constraints faced by a grassroots movement, specifically the Tukang Tabuh Community. Method This research adopts a qualitative approach utilizing a case study design. Primary data were collected from three key informants through semi-structured in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentary analysis. The validity of the data was rigorously established using both methodological and source triangulation. Results/findings The findings reveal that the community successfully transitioned from static live recording methods to an active digital audio engineering methodology using a track-by-track technique, complemented by historically valid visual curation. Furthermore, significant operational constraints—including cognitive "repertoire shock," financial limitations, and instrumental deficits—were effectively mitigated through oral memory incubation, budget rationalization for soundproof studio rentals, and multi-instrumentalism strategies. Multichannel dissemination employing bilingual metadata also proved highly effective in converting oral traditions into global information assets. Conclusion The Tukang Tabuh Community has successfully formulated an adaptive archival advocacy model, demonstrating that grassroots communities can independently and effectively safeguard collective memory. It is strongly recommended that this community-led digital preservation model be replicated by other cultural entities. Future research should investigate the long-term technological sustainability and infrastructure of such independent digital repositories
Copyright (c) 2026 Riyan Adi Putra, Haykal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Recontextualizing Pesantren in International Scholarship: A Corpus-Based Semantic Profile Analysis
Purpose Since the early 2000s, pesantren have been the most talked-about topic in international studies about Indonesian Islam. More and more Indonesian Islamic Higher Education Institutions are being published in academic journals around the world. This has made it easier for pesantren to be represented in Scopus-indexed journals, where these institutions are linked to a wide range of topics, from religious moderation to educational innovation. Since the term "pesantren" has gained significant traction in worldwide academia, it has been linked to a range of notions, from old Islamic boarding schools to contemporary higher education institutions. Method This study employs a specialized corpus of 6,774 peer-reviewed articles from Scopus-indexed journals of Indonesian Islamic Higher Education Institutions (2015-2025) to examine the representation of pesantren in international scholarship through semantic prosody and semantic preference analysis within the Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies (CADS) framework. Semantic preference identifies the semantic sets associated with the node word 'pesantren' throughout two temporal periods, while semantic prosody analyzes the evaluative context in which the node word appears. An artificial semantic tagger called the UCREL Semantic Analysis System (USAS) is used to find the semantic preference by giving the collocations semantic labels. Result The semantic prosody is then found by looking at the concordance lines. The study finds that the word "pesantren" in Period I (2015–2020) is more likely to be linked to traditional Islamic education, institutional identity, and charismatic leadership. In Period II (2021–2025), it is more likely to be linked to organizational management, higher education, and religious moderation discourse. It also shows that the node word has mostly good prosody in both periods, but that the quality changes from cultural preservation to institutional transformation. Conclusion International scholars are increasingly seeing pesantren in a positive light, not just as conventional schools but also as flexible, adaptable organizations that deal with modern problems like modernization, digitalization, and social growth.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Suhaili, Frans Sayogie, Muhammad Farkhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Construction of Legitimacy through Illocutionary Speech Acts in the Indonesian President’s Address at the 2026 World Economic Forum
Purpose This study aimed to reveal the types and distribution of illocutionary speech acts and their role in building the legitimacy of Indonesian leadership and economic policies in the speech of the RI President at the World Economic Forum (WEF) Davos 2026 entitled President Prabowo's Concept of Economic Thought Method This research employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive-analytical design. The data were obtained from the official video recording of the speech observed and transcribed verbatim. The analysis combined Searle’s (1979) theory of illocutionary speech acts and van Leeuwen’s (2007) legitimacy framework. Results/findings The study found 272 illocutionary speech acts to express different purposes, namely representatives used to convey facts and claims of success, commissive used to show promises or commitments, expressive functioned to express appreciation or pride, directives used to invite or encourage the audience. The legitimacy pattern in this speech used strategies according to van Leeuwen (2007), especially rationalization, moral evaluation, and authorization, as well as a little mythopoesis. Conclusion The study concluded that the WEF Davos 2026 speech operates as a strategic diplomatic instrument that conveys information, constructs legitimacy, and reinforces Indonesia’s position in global political-economic communication. It recommends further research on international political speeches to deepen understanding of how speech acts and legitimacy strategies shape global diplomatic narratives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yasir Mubarok, Sugiyo, Zaki Zainal Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effects of Positive School Culture on Basic Education Quality: A Meta-Analysis
Purpose The study was intended to synthesize empirical evidence on the effects of positive school culture on basic education quality, calculated pooled effect sizes, and identified key moderator variables. Method This meta-analysis made uses of PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search across Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar (2014–2024) to identify 75 peer-reviewed studies (N = 38,472; 24 countries). Effect sizes were computed as Hedges’ g under a random-effects model; moderators were examined via subgroup analysis and meta-regression. Results/findings Positive school culture produced large pooled effects on teacher performance (g = 0.68, 95% CI [0.59, 0.77]) and student engagement (g = 0.61, 95% CI [0.52, 0.70]). Emotional engagement was the most culturally responsive sub-dimension (g = 0.66). Both effects remained large after bias correction. Geographic region, school size, grade level, and publication year significantly moderated effect sizes. Conclusion Positive school culture was a robust predictor of teacher performance and student engagement in primary education, underscoring the centrality of school culture development in school improvement policies, especially in Indonesia and other Asian educational systems
Copyright (c) 2026 Ilun Muallifah, Junaedi Junaedi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Novel to Film: Religious Pluralism in The Da Peci Code, Rosid & Delia, and 3 Hati 2 Dunia 1 Cinta
Purpose Religious pluralism is a key aspect of Islam Nusantara, aiming to accommodate and inspire diversity and differences, including through literature. This article examines how religious pluralism is represented in the novels The da Peci Code and Rosid & Delia (2008) and its transformation in the film 3 Hati 2 Dunia 1 Cinta (2010). Methods This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis through close reading of narrative elements in the novels and scenes and dialogues in the film. The theoretical framework includes indifferent and non-indifferent religious pluralism and the theory of media adaptation. Results/Findings The analysis reveals that the blending of attributes and culture, interfaith romance, and exchange of terminology are key aspects employed to promote religious pluralism. In the novels, these three aspects are framed within the context of indifferent pluralism, suggesting that all religious beliefs and ideologies possess equal truth. In the film, these aspects are transformed into non-indifferent pluralism, emphasizing sociological dimensions of religions and social roles such as tolerance, collaboration, and synergy. Conclusion The findings indicate the dynamics and strategies by which literature and film contribute to promoting religious pluralism in alignment with the social and psychological conditions of their audiences. This phenomenon also reflects the freedom to engage in cultural practices, which forms part of democratic practice in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahfa Rahman Syah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Politics of Silencing the Narratives of Lampung Women Heroes: A Decolonial Feminist Perspective
Purpose This study aimed to reconstruct the silencing of narratives about Lampung's female heroes in historiography shaped by the coloniality of knowledge and patriarchy. Method This study used a qualitative approach with a literature study and critical historiography to analyze colonial archives, official Lampung history, writings about female figures, and literature on oral traditions containing collective memories about them. It employed decolonial feminist critique to examine the relationship between gender, memory politics, and local knowledge. Result/findings This study showed that Lampung's historiography produces narratives of masculine heroic figures. This was showed by a historiography that centered on male figures as heroes, while the contributions of women such as Poeti Alam Naisjah Moeloek, Putri Mentawai, Ratu Mas Lamban Gedung, and Hj. Inci Hindun Rauf were reduced, silenced, or marginalized to the domestic and cultural realms. Oral tradition needed to be seen as an alternative epistemic medium and archive preserving the collective memory of the role of female heroes outside of written colonial archives and state narratives. Conclusion This study concluded that silencing was read as a form of layered epistemic injustice between the coloniality of knowledge and the coloniality of gender. It also offered a framework to reconstruct Lampung's history in a more inclusive, gender-just manner, grounded in community knowledge.
Copyright (c) 2026 Evi Zulvia , Rizqi Handayani, Gesit Yudha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Islam, Radicalism, and the Politics of Refusal: FPI’s “Making Do" With the Vaccine Program (2020-2022)
Purpose This study investigated COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among members of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) during the 2020-2022 pandemic through Michel de Certeau's conceptual lens of "making do" (la perruque) and everyday tactics. Method Employing historical methods—including source criticism and oral history—primary sources were collected through interviews with FPI members from grassroots levels to field commanders, supplemented by analysis of social media narratives and contemporary news reports. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis informed by de Certeau's framework. Result/Findings The findings revealed that vaccine decisions made up tactical maneuvers rather than mere ideological rejection. Conditional acceptance—choosing Moderna over Sinovac, awaiting MUI fatwas, or complying only when workplace requirements demanded—exemplifies de Certeau's concept: practices that appear compliant while preserving autonomy. Active refusal manifested through creative circumvention, such as avoiding vaccine-mandated public transportation or sustaining alternative narratives amid official campaigns. The absence of clear directives from Habib Rizieq Shihab created space for diverse individual tactics. Conclusion This study concluded that FPI members "make do" by negotiating state authority using conditional compliance and active circumvention. This transformation causes public health interventions go beyond correcting disinformation and instead address the cultural frameworks and systemic skepticism that underpin these individual moves
Copyright (c) 2026 Awalia Rahma, Nurul Hayati, Tati Rohayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digitizing Scientific Qur’anic Exegesis: A Decolonial Analysis of Tafsil.id
Purpose This study examined the Tafsil.id platform as a contemporary digital medium for scientific Qur’anic exegesis, addressing how digital tafsir initiatives in Indonesia reconfigure religious authority and knowledge production within a localized context. Method This research employed a qualitative content analysis of Tafsil.id, focusing on its thematic organization of Qur’anic verses, interpretive sources, and modes of scientific integration. The analysis was informed by relevant literature on scientific exegesis, digital religion, and decolonial perspectives. Results/findings The findings showed that Tafsil.id localized scientific Qur’anic interpretation through the use of Bahasa Indonesia and thematic structuring, making it more accessible to a wider audience. The platform showed a hybrid epistemic model that combined classical Arabic exegetical sources with contemporary scientific discourse in areas such as cosmology and environmental studies. This configuration expanded access while maintaining continuity with established interpretive traditions. Conclusion This study concluded that Tafsil.id helped to digitally mediate Qur'anic interpretation by increasing access and altering modes of involvement. However, its epistemic transformation was only partial, occurring through a bargain between localization and reliance. The study was limited to platform analysis and did not address user reception, which could be investigated in future research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sujiat Zubaidi, Aqdi Rofiq Asnawi, Moh Isom Mudin, Triana Harmini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Theological Tendency of 'Alī b. 'Īsā al-Rummānī and Its Manifestations in Rhetorical Theorizing: An Analytical Study on “al-Nukat Fī I'jāz al-Qur`ān” ("النزعة العقائدية لدى علي بن عيسى الرماني وتجلّياتها في التنظير البلاغي: دراسة تحليلية لرسالة "النكت في إعجاز القرآن)
Purpose The claim of al-Rummānī’s objectivity on rhetorical theorization is examined in these papers. The two main issues with the study are as follows: In what ways does al-Rummani's rhetorical theorizing in “al-Nukat fī I’jāz al-Qur`ān” reflect his theological inclination? And considering that the two discourses are part of separate frameworks, why are his rhetorical theories based on doctrinal foundations? Method The first point is addressed by highlighting al-Rummānī’s doctrinal tendency and its crystallization through a relational analysis of his theorization and Mu’tazilite theological doctrines; the second is addressed by attributing the phenomenon to how epistemological texts are generated, based on the authoritative discourse that represents the author’s intellectual world. Result Al-Rummānī’s theological inclination is evident in his rhetorical theorizing on several phenomena, including his triangulation of the levels of rhetoric based on the principle of the intermediate position, his adaptation of an example of the problem of brevity, his extensive establishment of the theory of metaphor, and his application of exaggeration in accordance with the principle of creating actions. Conclusion The results disprove the assertion that al-Rummani's rhetorical thinking is objective. This is because the supremacy of theological discourse made it possible to develop rhetorical discourse atop it, but in a different setting. Moreover, the foundation of Arabic rhetoric, the question of inimitability, is a theological matter before it is a literary one
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Muhdhor, Mohammad Yunus Masrukhin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Negotiating Authority and Power: An Analysis of Modalities in the Divorce Trial in the Indonesian Religious Court
Purpose This study examines the negotiation and interaction of diverse powers and authorities through the uses of modalities of the Indonesian language by taking the divorce trial in a religious court as a case study. It also seeks to investigate linguistic meanings through prosodic features to provide an alternative perspective of the selected processes of the divorce trials. Methods This study uses a qualitative method utilising conversational analysis (CA) as an approach guided by Gail Jefferson’s transcription system symbols. Results/findings This study found that certain uses of modalities can function as medium to negotiate power and authority. This also shows how hierarchies, power, and authority in a religious court interplay through particular linguistic code selection of the existing interlocutors. Conclusion The modality expressions used in the divorce trial exhibit speakers’ negotiating power and authority. In a religious court, it is evident that the judges exercised their religious authority by advising the plaintiff and the defendant using the Islamic teachings. The various modalities used in the trial illustrate the negotiation of power and authority by the participants. Various emotions is expressed in the entire process of the trials. Prosodic features such as pauses, stresses, and slow and rapid paces of speech are used for specific reasons and goals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdurrosyid Abdurrosyid, Ida Rosyidah, Hafidz Fadli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Revisiting Synonymy in the Glorious Qur’an: A Semantic Analysis of Itmām and Ikmāl (إشكالية الترادف في القرآن الكريم: دراسة دلالية لكلمتي إكمال وإتمام نموذجًا)
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the semantic distinction between the Qur’ānic terms Itmām and Ikmāl, often perceived as synonymous in Arabic linguistics, to clarify their precise meanings and implications for Qur’ānic interpretation. Method The research employed qualitative design using a semantic-linguistic approach with descriptive-analytical methods. Data were collected through library research, classical Qur’ānic exegesis, and linguistic sources. Selected verses containing Itmām and Ikmāl were analyzed to identify their contextual meanings. Results/findings The findings reveal that Itmām is generally associated with fulfilling obligations or bringing something to full completion in a continuous manner, whereas Ikmāl refers to the process of perfecting or completing something already initiated until it reaches its intended purpose. Conclusion The study concludes that understanding the distinction between Itmām and Ikmāl enriches Qur’ānic exegesis, enhances semantic studies in Arabic, and contributes to precise interpretation. It recommends further exploration of other synonym pairs in the Qur’an to broaden semantic research
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Farhan Rif'an Najib, Ahmad Inzimam Haq, Kiki Budiyanto , Haqiqi Haqiqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Quranic Dhikr as Spiritual Healing: An Analysis of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's Interpretation and Its Impact on Anxiety Phenomena Among Generation Alpha(الذكر القرآني كعلاج روحي: تحليل تفسير فخر الدين الرازي وآثاره على ظاهرة القلق لدى جيل ألفا)
Purpose This study aimed to analyze the concept of Qur’anic dhikr in Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzi’s Tafsir Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb and to examine its relevance as a complementary approach to addressing the phenomenon of anxiety among Generation Alpha. Method This qualitative, literature-based study used thematic-critical analysis. Primary data from al-Rāzī's dhikr verse interpretations was evaluated using reduction, categorization, and interpretation stages. This study combined classical exegesis with modern psychology ideas including emotion management, cognitive reappraisal, and neurophysiological responses. Triangulation and a review of the current literature guaranteed data authenticity. Results/findings The study revealed Al-Rāzi believed that dhikr goes beyond linguistic engagement, as evidenced by research findings. According to research, al-Rāzī defines dhikr as a spiritual awareness process that impacts psychological stability, not just a linguistic exercise. Dhikr has cognitive, emotional, and neurophysiological elements. Generation Alpha anxiety is affected by digital exposure, social interaction, and cognitive development. Dhikr may complement modern psychology as a spiritual coping method. Conclusion Qur’anic dhikr can serve as an approach that integrates Islamic spirituality and modern psychology in addressing the anxiety of Generation Alpha. However, dhikr functions as a complementary therapy, not a substitute for clinical interventions. Further research is needed to determine its mental health benefits in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rochmad Rochmad, Dalia Zahrah, Ilham Habibullah, Ahmad Fadly Rahman Akbar, Mahmud Rifaannudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Qadliyyah Al-Hudud fi Al-Hayah Al-Usriyyah: Tahlil Tafsir Jami' Li Ahkam al-Quran Li al-Imam al-Qurthubi (قضية الحدود في الحياة الأسرية: تحليل تفسير جامع لأحكام القرآن للإمام القرطبي)
Purpose study aims to explore the concept of hudud and its relationship with family treatment according to Imam Al-Qurtubi. Method This research employs a library research method, using documentation as a data collection technique. To analyze hudud, this study utilizes a thematic approach. This study is relevant and closely related to the interpretation of the Qur’an as it is capable of establishing sharī‘ah at any time and place, setting legal rulings that align with contemporary challenges and the diversity faced today. Results/findings Allah mentions the word hudūd in the Qur’an to refer to family boundaries, such as marital relations (ar-rafats), zihar, divorce, and inheritance distribution. These hudud are divided into two categories prescriptive hudud and prohibitive hudud. Conclusion The conclusion of the research on hudud remain applicable in the modern era as divine legislation that ensures justice and social balance. From an Islamic feminist perspective, hudud does not constitute discrimination against women but rather guarantees their rights and protection. Therefore, instead of rejecting them, hudud should be understood and implemented in ways that align with contemporary developments while maintaining principles of justice and equality, fostering a cohesive society that respects women's rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Badrun, Arlisah Arlisah
The Depiction of Putin’s Power and Dominance in Political Cartoons about Russia-Ukraine War
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the depiction of Vladimir Putin’s Power and Dominance in political cartoons collected from usnews.com, and identified the social contexts underlying the creation of those political cartoons. Method This research used qualitative methods which engaged in discovering and uncovering the meaning of a particular phenomenon. The sample data was three political cartoons related to the Russia-Ukraine War taken from usnews.com. It employed Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA) approach of Visual Grammar from Kress & Leeuwen (2006) to examine the visual mode, and Systemic Functional Grammar theory from Halliday & Matthiessen (2014) to analyze the verbal modes. Results/findings The findings showed that Vladimir Putin in political cartoons was represented as a negative powerful figure through the dominant use of the narrative process. Whilst the images of Putin as a ruthless and dictator figure were revealed in the verbal modes through the use of material, relational, and mental process. Each political cartoon's social context connects the visual and verbal modes while providing clearer information about the reason for cartoonists created these political cartoons. The partiality of the American cartoonists to the United States and Western countries also revealed through the political cartoons that worked as a medium to convey the cartoonists’ thoughts, showing that they fought against the invasion. Conclusion Through visual and verbal analysis, the cartoonist constructed a negative portrayal of Vladimir Putin as a dictatorial leader. However, this study has limitations in its scope since it does not deeply address potential variations in viewer or audience’s interpretation based on individual backgrounds and experiences. Therefore, future researchers are encouraged to expand upon this study by exploring the production and consumption of similar texts, which may offer diverse or multiple perspectives on the subject.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurina Nasira, Alfi Syahriyani
Discourses of Women's Movements and Struggles in Muslim Women's Mass Media in 1912-1942
Purpose This research aimed to reveal various discourses and narratives of womanhood that were popularly discussed in the era before Indonesian independence. In addition, it also tried to reveal the movement of women against oppression using writings published in various Muslim mass media. Method In this case, this research used a sociological approach and uses qualitative content analysis theory. The study made various mass media of Muslim women in 1912-1942 as the primary data sources. They were original archives that had been converted into microfilm. The data were analyzed using a sociological approach and critical discourse analysis. Findings/Result This research reveals that the oppression experienced by Muslim women both in the public and domestic spheres is the most frequently raised topic. This is because the limited access to education for women, the deep-rooted patriarchal culture, and the limited role of women in the public sphere were still closely attached to Indonesian society. Conclusion The Muslim mass media becomes an effective tool in voicing women's voices, ranging from the polemic of polygamy practices, the importance of education for women, the position of women, to the narrative of women's involvement in combat.
Copyright (c) 2025 RP. M. Himam Awan Afghani, Didin Saepudin, Syaifur Rahman, Ulfiatul Muarofah
Allegory and Social Pathology in Okky Madasari’s Novel 86
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore social phenomena like social inequality by looking at how they were portrayed in a novel through allegorical elements. Method This research employed a descriptive qualitative method to analyze social phenomena, specifically social inequality, as reflected in the novel 86 by Okky Mandasary. Through content analysis, the study examines words, phrases, and sentences to uncover implicit meanings conveyed through symbolism. Qualitative research is suitable as it explores meanings in verbal forms. Such a descriptive analysis helps identify and interpret societal issues represented in the literary text. Findings The novel reflects societal issues like corruption, sexual deviation, and criminality through allegorical elements. These problems are portrayed as diseases affecting society’s structure. Internal factors like personal desire and opportunity along with external societal influences drive these behaviors. Through content analysis, this study explores how the novel reveals social pathologies as ongoing social phenomena. Conclusion This descriptive qualitative content analysis demonstrates that Novel 86 by Okky Madasari functions as a powerful allegory, exposing entrenched social pathologies—corruption, sexual deviation, and criminality—as ongoing societal maladies. The study underscores the value of literary examination in uncovering the complex interplay of individual motivations and broader societal influences that perpetuate these issues.
Muhammadiyah's Da’wa in Print Media in the Early 20th Century: A Case of Bintang Islam Magazine, 1924-1927
Purpose This research aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the Islamic outreach efforts of Muhammadiyah, one of Indonesia's largest Islamic organizations, as documented in the magazine Bintang Islam during the years 1924-1927. Method The study employs a historical method comprising four stages: heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Primary sources primarily include issues of Bintang Islam from 1924-1927, supported by relevant secondary sources such as books and journals. These sources were critically examined for authenticity, interpreted, and then synthesized into a historical reconstruction during the historiographical phase. The analysis integrates approaches from sociology of mass communication and hermeneutics, emphasizing an analytical-descriptive framework. Findings The findings reveal that Bintang Islam, founded by Muhammadiyah, served as a representation of Islamic press. Its establishment signified the continuity of modernism influenced by the Dutch East Indies and the impact of Islamic ideologies introduced by pilgrims, scholars, and the reformist ideas of Jamaluddin Al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, and Rashid Rida. Within Bintang Islam, Muhammadiyah figures articulated their da’wa thoughts, including efforts to counter Christianization, advocacy for renewal (tajdid), enjoining good and forbidding evil (amar ma'ruf nahi munkar), and excerpts on international da’wa activities. Conclusion In conclusion, Muhammadiyah's da’wah through Bintang Islam represents its response to widespread evangelization efforts, particularly in Java, addressing the decline in Muslim practices due to superstitions, innovations, and un-Islamic practices. It also served as a catalyst for enhancing religious, social, economic, and political awareness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yusril Fahmi Adam, Mundzir Tamam
Motherhood: Ideal Stereotypes of Arab-Indonesian Mothers
Purpose This study aimed to identify the construction of motherhood among Arab-Indonesian women in Depok. In addition, this article also analyzed the subjectivity of Arab-Indonesian mothers on Arab-Indonesian families in Depok. Method This research used field methods with interviews as a data collection technique. In addition to primary data obtained from the field, this research also used secondary data in the form of literature studies to complement data sources. The research was conducted by combining the research methods of cultural studies and gender studies. Results/Findings This research showed the form of construction of Arab mothers in Depok which was influenced by patriarchal culture. However, mothers of Arab descent acted as subjects in carrying out the mothering role. Conclusion The construction of motherhood controled mothers to be able to perform the mothering role uniformly. Mothers were expected to be good mothers in regulating emotions, prioritizing children in everything, understanding and comprehending the family, trying for pregnancy, and getting pregnant at the right age. However, mothers do not necessarily follow the prevailing construction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muthia Anggita Ramadhani, Rasus Budhyono, Mega Subekti
Religious Moderation in KPSAR: A Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis
Purpose This research aimed to analyze the concept of religious moderation in KPSAR using Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis approach and religious moderation. Method This research used a qualitative case study method, relying on document analysis as the main data source. Data were collected from the original text of KPSAR that was written in Jawi (Malay Arabic) script, then analyzed by focusing on text structure, social context, and cognitive process. Results/findings KPSAR reflected the values of religious moderation through emphasis on the concept of tawhid, the obligatory attributes of Allah and Rasulullah, as well as systematic faith teachings. It presented an inclusive theological understanding, integrating local traditions and Islamic principles to avoid extremism. It also revealed that the text structure of the book is systematic, starting from the opening, main content, to the conclusion that highlights the value of social harmony and respect for diversity. Conclusion KPSAR not only functioned as a theological guide but also as an educational tool that strengthened religious moderation that was relevant in the socio-religious context of pluralistic societies.
Kitab Pengetahuan Sifat Allah dan Rasulullah
Critical Discourse Analysis of Teun A. Van Dijk
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Ardiansah Maulana Malik, Asep Yudha Wirajaya
The Relation of Contentment and Mental Health in al-Hikam
Purpose This study aimed to explore the relationship of contentment values with mental health theory in enhancing emotional stability and reducing reliance on materialistic ambitions that were often the cause of psychological instability. Method Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study objectively analyzes the book al-H{ikam by Ibn Atha’ilah, using a qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data was obtained from the text of al-H{ikam, while secondary data was obtained from literature related to mental health and spirituality. Results/findings Research findings suggest that contentment helps individuals reduce psychological distress by promoting mental resilience through the mechanisms of self-acceptance and gratitude. The practice also provides sustained inner peace, even under stressful circumstances. Conclusion This research concludes that contentment has the potential to be integrated into modern mental health approaches, both in a spiritual and multicultural context. By translating the values of contentment into the language of modern psychology, the concept becomes accessible to a wider audience. These findings pave the way for the development of innovative and relevant spirituality-based interventions to address global mental health challenges.
Evaluating Machine Translation of Cultural Terms: Readability Comparison Between Google and Yandex
Purpose This study aimed to analyze the readability of Google Translate (GT) and Yandex Translate (YT) translation results on dialogue texts containing cultural terms from the book Antologi Cerita Anak Indonesia (ACAI). This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Neural Machine Translation (NMT) approach in GT and the Hybrid Machine Translation (HMT) approach in YT in conveying text meanings clearly and comprehensibly to readers. Method This research employed a cloze test involving 28 participants aged 18-24 years, along with a questionnaire to assess user preferences regarding GT and YT translation results. Text readability was analyzed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Gunning Fog Index to measure the linguistic complexity of the translations. Results/Findings The study results show that GT's readability reaches 81.1%, while YT's readability is 74.5%, both categorized as the independent level according to Rankin & Culhane's (1969) criteria. Additionally, 80% of the 20 questionnaire respondents stated that GT's translations were clearer than those of YT. Analysis using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Gunning Fog Index shows that the readability level of GT and YT translations is classified as advanced suitable for readers with a minimum education level equivalent to a bachelor's degree. Conclusion This study showed that GT has a higher readability level than YT, which might be because of its use of NMT, producing more natural sentence structures. Meanwhile, YT, which also relied on SMT, translates based on statistical patterns, making its translations more rigid. Although both systems could produce comprehensible translations, they still struggled with accurately translating cultural terms without additional context. Therefore, human involvement remained essential to improving accuracy and contextual appropriateness in machine translation.
Abjection towards Women by Tribes and the State in the Niduparas Erlang’s Burung Kayu
Purpose This research aimed to reveal the process of abjection experienced by women by the tribes and the state with its developmentalism ideology in the Burung Kayu by Niduparas Erlang. It also explores the implications of these two regimes, which ultimately contribute to women’s abjection. Method This research employed notetaking and literature review techniques for collecting the data. Linguistic data depicting abjection in the novel were interpreted by the researcher according to Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection. The analysis was supplemented with findings from previous research. Results/findings This research presented several findings. Women experienced abjection because the Mentawai tribe practiced a paternalistic culture. This culture reinforced abjection towards women, especially when state intervention with developmentalism ideology was introduced. This development did not provide opportunities for women. Women were abjected as they adhere to their husbands’ will, rather than their own desires. This research sheded light on the fact that although the tribal and state regimes might seem contradictory, they fundamentally reinforce each other in positioning women as abject. Conclusion This research concluded that abjection was multidimensional, as gender intersected with tribal and state elements supported by developmentalism ideology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cahyaningrum Dewojati, Riqko Nur Ardi Windayanto
From Javanese Suroboyoan to English: A Study of Cultural Terms, Translation Techniques, and Quality Assessment
Purpose This research aimed to identify all cultural terms in Lara Ati (2022) movie, the translation techniques employed to translate them, and their translation quality in English. Method This study employed descriptive qualitative approach. The data are all cultural terms taken from Lara Ati (2022) movie in its Javanese Suroboyoan and its English version. They are in form of words and phrases. The cultural terms were identified using Newmark’s (1988). To analyse the translation techniques, Molina and Albir’s (2002) translation techniques were applied. And to find out the translation quality, parameters by Nababan, Nuraeni, and Sumardiono (2012) were employed. To gain valid information on the quality, informants were also involved to assess the accuracy and acceptability. Results/findings The research found out 126 cultural terms in Lara Ati movie. 46.8% of them belong to social culture, 22.2% to material culture, 19.1% to gestures and habits, 6.4% to ecology, and 5.6% to social organization. The translation techniques employed were categorized into two, which are couplet and singlet techniques. 7.9% data were translated by using couplet techniques and the other 92.1% by single techniques. In couplet, borrowing techniques were found in all data. Meanwhile, in single techniques the most dominating techniques were literal (39.7%), adaptation (27.0%), and borrowing (9.5%). The least techniques with 1 frequency or 0.7% were found in established equivalent, modulation, and variation. In translation quality, the assessment on accuracy only found accurate (95.2%) and less accurate (4.8%) data. Meanwhile, in acceptability, all categories were found. Acceptable occurs in 89.7% data, less acceptable in 8.7%, and unacceptable in 1.6% data. Conclusion To sum up, the use translation techniques produce different level of accuracy and acceptability. The use of couplet techniques produced accurate translations, but in term of acceptability in only resulted acceptable and less acceptable. In single techniques, most techniques produce accurate translation. Only adaptation, borrowing, and literal produce the less accurate ones. In term of acceptability, the use of adaptation produces unacceptable translation. The use borrowing, generalization, and literal produce less acceptable. Meanwhile, the use of other techniques affects the translations to be acceptable. This research proves that translation and translation quality of cultural terms is still interesting, especially when it comes from a regional language to an international language. Therefore, the future research should explore movies that tell cultural life of people from specific regional languages. Keywords:
Copyright (c) 2025 Nahoras Bona Simarmata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Female Masculinity in Charlie’s Angels (2019) Movie
Purpose This research aims to examine female masculinity as portrayed by Charlie's Angels' main female characters named Jane Kano. Women are frequently portrayed as weak and powerless. Gender stereotypes that distinguish between men and women based on their perceived masculinity and femininity are responsible for this. Method This research uses a qualitative descriptive method to analyze scenes and dialogue in the movie that portrayed female masculinity. This research presents a portrayal of female masculinity in the movie based on Judith Halberstam's concept of female masculinity. Results/findings This research found that there are 4 out of 5 indicators of female masculinity in the film Charlie's Angels which are depicted through the character Jane Kano. An indicator of female masculinity that is often shown by Jane Kano is male mimicry. Conclusion This film concludes that the masculinity of its women through physical appearance, behavior and language. This film displays female masculinity as a form of resistance to traditional gender norms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Icha Camelia, Frans Sayogie, Muhammad Farkhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Arabic Language Style and Qur’anic Exegesis in Narrative Style: A Stylistic Analysis of the Stories of Prophet Isa ‘Alaihissalam
Purpose This article delves into examine the stylistic and linguistic features in the Qur’anic narrative of Prophet Isa and his mother, Maryam, as presented across various surahs. By analyzing lexical choices, tonal variations, and structural patterns, this research seeks to identify the role of these stylistic elements in conveying meaning and enhancing rhetorical impact. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, this study integrates linguistic analysis with textual interpretation to provide a systematic understanding of the stylistic structures within the Qur’anic discourse. Method This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze the stylistic and linguistic features of the Qur’anic narrative concerning Prophet Isa and his mother, Maryam. The research is designed as a stylistic analysis, focusing on lexical choices, tonal variations, and structural patterns within the selected Qur’anic verses. Results/findings The findings highlight that the story of Prophet Isa utilizies different language styles, namely: (1) in terms of word choice, there are formal, informal, and conversational styles; (2) regarding tone, formal, informal, and conversational styles are present; (3) in terms of sentence structure, climax, anticlimax, and repetition styles are identified. Conclusion The linguistic style in the Qur’anic narrative of Prophet Isa and Maryam reflects a profound use of lexical choices, tonal variations, and structural patterns that enhance its rhetorical impact. This research suggests further exploration of other Qur’anic narratives to identify broader stylistic trends and their communicative effects. Additionally, integrating stylistic analysis with Qur’anic exegesis (tafsir) may provide deeper insights into the interplay between language and meaning. Such an approach would contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the Qur’an’s linguistic and rhetorical uniqueness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Alfa Choirul Murtadho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sirru Taqdiimi Kalimati At-Taqwa ala Al-Ilmi Fii Surah Al-Baqarah (Dirasah Dalaliyyah Siyaaqiyah)
Purpose The aim of this study is to reveal two important aspects: first, to uncover the secrets of the words "taqwa" (piety) and "ilm" (knowledge) through the application of the principle of taqdim wa ta'khir (precedence and delay). Method This study used a library research approach using primary and secondary sources. This study was conducted using a descriptive method, a scientific approach involving the collection and organization of data related to the aspects of taqwa (piety) and ilm (knowledge). The researcher also utilized an analytical method to examine the precedence of the word taqwa over ilm in the Qur'an through a contextual semantic analysis. Results/findings The text discusses the significance of prioritizing taqwa (piety) over knowledge in several verses of Surah Al-Baqarah. In verse 194, taqwa is emphasized in retribution to avoid excessiveness. In verse 196, taqwa is highlighted as a part of obedience to Allah. In verse 203, the importance of taqwa in the rituals of Hajj is shown as a reminder of responsibility before Allah. In verse 223, taqwa prepares the soul for knowledge and its application. In verse 231, taqwa is linked to Allah’s all-encompassing knowledge to ensure rights and interests. In verse 233, the importance of taqwa is emphasized in children’s rights and the relationship between parents. In verse 282, taqwa is presented as the foundation for guidance and continuous learning from Allah for the benefit of His servants. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that the precedence of taqwa over ilm emphasizes taqwa as the foundation for behavior control, inner worship, and practices that ensure obedience to Allah. Taqwa prepares the soul for beneficial knowledge, protects it from deviations, and strengthens responsibility and self-discipline. Through taqwa, guidance, justice, and the preservation of rights according to Allah’s Sharia are achieved.
Copyright (c) 2025 rizal nur haqoni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Green Politics: Capitalism and Nature Exploitation in Bong Joon Hon’s Okja Film
Purpose This research discussed the exploitation of nature and the working class in Okja conducted by Mirando Coorporation. It aimed to reveal how capitalism works in nature and explored the relation between ecological appropriate and social inequality. Method This research applied qualitative method, using eco-marxism approach. Data taken in the film were in the form of scenes and dialogues. Results/findings The analysis discovered that there was metabolic interaction as the results of exploitation of the working-class and domination of nature. The Mirando Coorporation pursued profits by using green politics and building false consciousness as environmentalist company. Besides, the capitalists were exploiting nature, animal and the working-class as their source of values and commodities. The products produced by capitalists were the roots of exploitation and domination in nature and working-class and it led to ecological change and impoverishment of workers. Conclusion In conclusion, green politics was used as disguise profit-driven motives and created false environmental conciousness to legitimate nature and labour exploitation. By commodifying animal, natural sources and labor, the capitalist production distort metabolic relations..
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyuning Perubahan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0