Sira Nabawiyya: Historiography of the Prophet Muhammad by Three Modern Writers

Muhamad Abror, Awalia Rahma

Abstract


Purpose
This study aimed to compare the narratives of three modern historiographies of the Sirah Nabawiya. It explored differences and similarities of Raḫīq Al-Makhtūm, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur'an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih.

Method
This research employed a qualitative approach, adopting the historical method. The primary data were the most recent published editions of Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm (2019) by Safiyurrahman Al-Mubarakfuri, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (2006) by Martin Lings, and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih (2018) by M. Quraish Shihab.

Results/Findings
The research showed that each of these three books was written in a chronological style. Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm and Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad dalam Sorotan Al-Qur'an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih offered more detailed information compared to Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. In their historical analyses, each writer presented their respective perspectives and tendencies. Al-Mubarakfuri emphasized the comparison of historical data and explained the most valid source, while Lings presented the data in a friendly and approachable manner with no in-depth elaboration and personal analyses. Shihab's analysis, however, covered more complex issues beyond historiography, including verification, orientalist criticism, analysis of Quranic sources, and elaboration of moral values.

Conclusion
These three works complied with the standard model of a chronological presentation of data and critical analysis, while maintaining a friendly and approachable tone through additional elaboration of perspectives. The authors maintained a balanced and objective approach according to their academic background.


Keywords


Historiography; Sira Nabawiyya; Prophet Muhammad; Safiyurrahman Al-Mubarakfuri; Martin Lings; M. Quraish Shihab

References


Abdullah. Y. A. G. (2004). Historiografi Islam: Dari Klasik Hingga Modern (trj. Budi Sudrajat). Depok: Raja Grafindo Persada.

Abdurrahman, A. (2010). Al-Ta’līq ‘Alā Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm. Riyadh: Al-Dar Al-‘Alamiyah.

Aida, N. (2023). Komunikasi Motivasi dan Imperatif dalam Surah Ad-Duha dan Al-Insyirah. Jurnal Kopis: Kajian Penelitian dan Pemikiran Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam, 5 (2), 118-133.

Al-Buti, M. S. (2017). Fiqh Al-Sīrah Al-Nabawiyah. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.

Al-Mubarakfuri, S. (2016). Al-Raḥīq Al-Makhtūm. Beirut: Dar Al-Arqam.

Al-Naisaburi, A. A. (2018). Al-Mustadrak ‘Ala Al-Saḥiḥain. Kairo: Dar Al-Risalah Al-Alamiyah.

Al-Qurtubi, A. A. (2019). Al-Jāmi’ li Aḥkām Al-Qur'ān. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah.

Azmi, A. S. (2022). Sejarah Penulisan Ilmu Sirah: Analisis Perubahan Paten Dan Landskap Historiografi Islam. Journal of Hadith Studies. 7 (2), 105-118.

Bahtiar, E. (1999). “Mencari Format Baru Penafsiran di Indonesia: Telaah Terhadap Pemikiran M. Quraish Shihab” (Tesis Master IAIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta).

Bell, R. (1926). The Origin of Islam and its Christian Environment. London: Frank Cass.

Eaton, H. L. G. (2005). Martin Lings: Islamic Scholar concerned with Spiritual Crisis. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/may/27/guardianobituaries.obituaries.

Effendi. (2013). Menguak Historiografi Islam Dari Tradisionalkonvensional Hingga Kritis-Multidimensi. Jurnal TAPIs. 9 (1), 120-132.

Fethullah, M. (2022). Versi Terdalam Kehidupan Rasul Allah Muhammad SAW. Depok: Raja Grafindo Persada.

Fikriarini, A. (2010). Arsitektur Islam: Seni Ruang dalam Peradaban Islam. Jurnal El-Harakah. 12 (3), 194-206.

Fitzgerald, M. (2005). In Memoriam: Dr. Martin Lings. Vincit Omnia Veritas. 2 (1). 89-98.

Ghani, H. A. (2020). Analisis Terhadap Penulisan Ibn Isḥāq dalam Kitab Al-Sīrah Al-Nabawiyyah. Jurnal RABBANICA. 1 (1), 1-18.

Hakiki, K. M. & Al Idrus D. (2018). Diskursus Tasawuf di Barat: Membaca Pemikiran Martin Lings. Al-Adyan: Jurnal Lintas Agama. 13 (2), 231-260.

Heriyansyah. (2018). Perjalanan Bisnis Nabi Muhammad SAW. Ad-Deenar: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam. 2 (2), 190-205.

Humaedi, I. (2020). Konsep Pesan Pra-Nubuwwah yang Terjandung dalam Wahyu Pertama Kali Turun Surat Al-‘Alaq 1-5. Jurnal Al-Tsaqafa. 17 (1), 110-121.

Kadril, M. (2021). Historiografi Islam Pada Masa Klasik. Jurnal Rihlah. 9 (1), 13-22.

Katsir, I. (2014). Tafsīr Al-Qur’ān Al-Adzīm. Riyadh: Dar Al-Shadiq.

Khashogi, L. R. (2012). Konsep Ummah dalam Piagam Madinah. Jurnal Fakultas Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum. 2 (1), 94-116.

Kosasih, A. (2022). Fenomena Menjelang Kelahiran Nabi Muhammad: Kajian Terhadap Naskah Al-Hamziyyah Karya Al-Bushiri. Jurnal Kabuyutan. 1 (2), 68-76.

Lings, M. (2005). A Return to Spirit. Louisville: Fons Vitae.

Lings, M. (2006). Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources. Rochester: Inner Traditions.

Makhsum, T. (2020). Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Sirah Nabawiyah. Jurnal Ta’dibuna. 3 (2), 75-89.

Milolo, M. I. dkk. (2023). Perkembangan Sastra Arab Jahiliyyah Hingga Abbasiyah Serta Perannya Terhadap Peradaban Dunia. ‘Ajami. 12 (1), 36-53.

Pratama, F. S. (2022). Analisis Komparatif Historiografi Sirah Nabawiyah Karya Ibnu Ishaq Dan Ibnu Hisyam. Majalah Ilmiah Tabuah: Ta`limat, Budaya, Agama Dan Humaniora, 26 (1), 21–29.

Prayogi, A. (2022). Perkembangan Tema Dalam Historiografi Islam: Suatu Telaah. Jurnal Studi Multidisipliner. 9 (1), 33-56.

Rofiq, A. C. dkk (2020). Karakteristik Historiografi Sirah Nabawiyyah Muhammad Quraish Shihab. Jurnal Studi Keislaman. 20 (1), 19-46.

Schuon, F. (2005). The Essential Frithjof Schuon. Bloomington: World Wisdom.

Shihab, M. Q. (1996). Membumikan al-Qur'an: Fungsi dan Peran Wahyu dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat. Bandung: Mizan.

Shihab, M. Q. (2018). Membaca Sirah Nabi Muhammad Dalam Sortotan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis-Hadis Sahih. Tangerang: Lentera Hati.

Sopiati, S. (2023). Tinjauan Historiografis Atas Kelengkapan Tarikh Nabi Muhammad SAW Karya Moenawar Chalil.” Thesis UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten.

Sovia, H, dkk. (2023). Perspektif Nabi Ibrahim ‘Alaihissalam Sebagai Bapak Para Nabi. Journal of Islamic and Education Studies. 2 (2), 104-110.

Surani. (2016). Sejarah Hijrah Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an. Al-Mu’ashirah. 13 (2), 144-156.

Surur, M. (2022). Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Peristiwa Isra Mikraj Perspektif Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis Sahih. Ambarsa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. 2 (2), 40-73.

Taufiq. (2022). Historiografi Sirah Nabawiyah Masa Klasik (abad 1-4 H/ 7-10 M). Skripsi UIN Sunan Kali Jaga.

Thohir, A. (2019). Sirah Nabawiyah: Nabi Muhammad dalam Kajian Sosial-Humaniora. Bandung: Penerbit Marja.

Wahidi, R. (2013). Penafsiran Kata Hanif dalam Al-Qur'an. Syahadah: Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur’an dan Keislaman. 2 (1), 1-11.

Zahrah, M. A. (2008). Zahrah Al-Tafasīr. Kairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-‘Arabi.

Zakiah, I. K. (2022). “Studi historiografi Fiqh Sirah Nabawiyah karya Dr. Muhammad Sa’id Ramadhan Al-Buthy.” Tesis UIN Sunan Gunung Jati Bandung.




DOI: 10.15408/bat.v30i1.30008

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Muhamad Abror

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.