Busana, Tubuh, dan Maskulinitas Hegemonik dalam Novel No Knives in the Kitchens of This City

Muhammad Habib Akbar

Abstract


This article discusses how the author describes Sawsan's body and clothing and whether Sawsan is controlled by a system of hegemonic masculinity and male gaze. This study uses descriptive-analytical method to get a detailed description or description of the main character in Khaled Khalifa’s novel No Knives in the Kitchens of this City as the object of the study. The data in this study are all corpuses related to the main character collected by marking, rewriting, and grouping according to the research questions raised. All data collected ware analyzed qualitatively with relevant concepts and approaches. The study indicates that the main character, Sawsan, was a woman who opposes and even destroys the rules and customs of her family and is dubbed as irrepressible. In addition, this study also shows that Sawsan looked an independent and uncontrolled woman; though her body and clothing remain under control of a system that occupied her perception of herself as a woman. Based on the data analysis it can be concluded that Sawsan is dominated by male perceptions including hegemonic masculinity and man's gaze towards her body that influenced her psychological conditions such as being proud, confident, and insulted.

 

Artikel ini membahas bagaimana pengarang mendeskripsikan tubuh dan busana Sawsan dan apakah Sawsan terkontrol dengan suatu sistem yang disebut maskulinitas hegemonik dan male gaze.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis untuk mendapatkan deskripsi atau uraian detail mengenai tokoh utama di dalam novel No Knives in the Kitchens of this City karya Khaled Khalifa sebagai objek kajiannya. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh korpus yang berhubungan dengan tokoh utama yang dikumpulkan dengan cara menandai, menuliskan kembali, dan mengelompokkan sesuai dengan pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan. Seluruh data terkumpul dianalisis secra kualitatif dengan konsep dan pendekatan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tokoh Sawsan merupakan seorang perempuan yang menentang bahkan merusak tata aturan dan adat istiadat keluarganya sehingga dijuluki sang pemberontak. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini juga memperlihatkan meskipun Sawsan terlihat sebagai seorang wanita yang mandiri, bebas, dan tidak bisa diatur; tubuh dan busananya tetap terkontrol oleh suatu sistem yang menguasai persepsi akan dirinya sendiri sebagai seorang wanita. Berdasarkan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa Sawsan dikuasai oleh persepsi laki-laki termasuk maskulinitas hegemonik dan male gaze terhadap tubuhnya dan mempengaruhi keadaan jiwanya seperti membuat bangga, percaya diri, dan terhina.

 

يكشف هذا المقال عن شخصية سوسان في رواية خالد خليفة بعنوان " لا سكاكين في مطابيخ هذه المدينة"، وهي امرأة متمردة تعارض قواعد عائلتها وتُلقب بـ "المتمردين". على الرغم من أن سوسن تبدو مستقلة ولا يمكن التحكم فيها، إلا أن جسمه وملابسه يسيطر عليهما نظام يتحكم في تصوره لنفسه. و تتناول هذه الدراسة كيف يصف المؤلف جسد سوسن وملابسه وما إذا كان سوسان يسيطر عليه نظام يسمى الذكورة المهيمنة ونظرة الذكور أو نظرة الذكور. و تستخدم هذه الدراسة طربقة وصفية تحليلية للحصول على بيانات وصفية من الوصف والتفاصيل في الرواية. بناءً على تحليل البيانات، استنتج الباحث أن سوسن تهيمن عليه تصورات الرجال بما في ذلك الذكورة المهيمنة ونظرة الذكور نحو جسمه وتؤثر على حالته العقلية مثل جعله فخورًا، واثقًا، ومهينًا.


Keywords


novel; main character; hegemonic masculinity; male gaze

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DOI: 10.15408/bat.v26i1.13986

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