Online Privacy and Personal Data Protection: An Islamic Law Perspective

Abstract

This article explores the intricate intersection of online privacy and personal data protection through the lens of Islamic law, shedding light on the ethical considerations that govern digital transactions. Grounded in Qur’anic principles, Sunnah, and classical Islamic jurisprudence, this study examines how Shari’ah law provides a comprehensive ethical framework for navigating the digital landscape while upholding timeless Islamic values. Key principles such as Ghibah (gossip and backbiting), Amanah (trustworthiness), and Sitr (respect for privacy) are analyzed to highlight their significance in regulating online interactions and data protection. Employing a doctrinal legal method and an inductive approach, the article explores online privacy from an Islamic perspective. It incorporates Qiyas (analogical reasoning) to address emerging challenges posed by rapid technological advancements. The study finds that the commitment to Amanah underscores the responsibility of individuals, organizations, and governments in safeguarding personal information. It emphasizes ethical considerations in the collection, processing, and usage of data, aligning digital practices with Islamic moral obligations. Moreover, the dynamic nature of Ijtihad (independent legal reasoning) allows Islamic jurisprudence to adapt to contemporary digital issues while preserving its foundational ethical principles. By synthesizing Islamic teachings with digital ethics, this article offers a robust framework for addressing modern privacy concerns. It contributes to the discourse on the harmonious coexistence of technological innovations and Islamic values, providing insights into how Shari’ah law can guide ethical digital conduct. Ultimately, this study reinforces the relevance of Islamic legal principles in shaping responsible and morally sound digital practices.