Between Fiqh and Adat: Negotiating Inheritance Law among the Bugis Community of Wajo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v26i1.44476Keywords:
Contestation, Law, Distribution of inheritance, Local tradition, Bugis communityAbstract
The Bugis community in Wajo has a distinct inheritance law that differs from those of other regions in Indonesia. In lieu of applying the law precisely as it is specified in Islamic fiqh, they adapt it to reflect the dominant local culture. The objective of this research is to elucidate the conflict between the Islamic fiqh-based inheritance law and the indigenous customs of the Bugis community residing in Wajo, South Sulawesi. By examining manuscript evaluations and oral traditions prevalent in the local community, this research uncovers the nature of contestation over inheritance distribution, as well as the factors and consequences that contribute to it. In the practice of inheritance division, the Bugis community in Wajo prioritizes the benefits of cohabitation to reduce disputes arising from asset division, according to this study's findings. Gender equality is of significant importance to them, and they regard mutual agreement as the standard by which they seek to reconcile legitimate interests and ensure an equitable distribution of inheritance.
Abstrak
Masyarakat Bugis di Wajo memiliki hukum waris yang berbeda dengan hukum waris di wilayah lain di Indonesia. Mereka tidak menggunakan hukum yang diterapkan dalam fikih secara an-sich, melainkan dimodifikasi dengan budaya lokal yang berlaku. Artikel ini mengungkap kontestasi yang terjadi antara hukum warisan yang dituangkan dalam fikih dengan budaya lokal yang dianut masyarakat Bugis di Wajo, Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian ini bersumber dari manuskrip dan tradisi lisan yang digunakan dan berlaku dalam masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini mengungkap wujud dari kontestasi yang terjadi dalam pembagian harta warisan, faktor, dan implikasi dari kontestasi tersebut. Hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam praktik pembagian warisan masyarakat Bugis di Wajo memprioritaskan kemashalahatan hidup bersama sehingga dapat meminimalisir konflik yang terjadi akibat pembagian harta warisan ini. Bagi mereka, kesetaraan gender menjadi perhatian khusus dan kesepakatan bersama menjadi tolak ukur untuk mencari solusi kemashlahatan dan keadilan dalam berbagi harta warisan.
References
Anonymous. Lontara’ Sukkuna Wajo (LSW) Koleksi Datu Sangaji Sengkang.
Anonymous. Lontara’ Akkarungeng Wajo (LAW) Koleksi Saoraja Mallangga Wajo.
Arif, M. (2019). Taqlīd Ngunya li muslimī Pegayaman bi Bali: Tatbīq al-sharī’ah al-Islāmīyah fī baldat al-Hindūs. Studia Islamika. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v26i2.7763
Asriani. (2022). personal communication, Sengkang-Wajo, 29 September.
Asse, Ambo. (2021), personal communication, Sengkang-Wajo, 31 August.
Ayuningrum, D. (2017). Akulturasi Budaya Cina dan Islam dalam Arsitektur Tempat Ibadah. Jurnal Sabda, 12(2), 122–135.
Basiroen, V. J., & Kana, N. D. (2019). Cultural Expression of Javanese & Chinese Culture in Bati Lasem from 14th to 19th Century. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(10), 1708–1718.
Budia, A., & Bukittinggi, W. I. (2019). Dinamika Perkembangan Hukum Keluarga Islam Indonesia, Ijtihad, 35 (2), 11-28.
Cakrawaldi, H. (2017). Pelaksanaan Pembagian Harta Warisan Menurut Adat Kaili Ledo Di Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru Kabupaten Sigi. Legal Opinion, (5) 4, 2017.
Danil, E. (2016). Konstitusionalitas Penerapan Hukum Adat dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana. Jurnal Konstitusi, 9(3), 583. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk938
Deitelhoff, N. (2020). What's in a name? Contestation and backlash against international norms and institutions. British Journal of Politics and International Relations. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148120945906
Eric, E. (2019). Hubungan Antara Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Adat Dalam Pembagian Warisan Di Dalam Masyarakat Minangkabau. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, Dan Seni. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i1.3532
Fauzi, E., et al., (2019). Dualisme Pelaksanaan Pembagian Harta Waris di Kota Padang: Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Adat. Ijtihad. https://doi.org/10.15548/ijt.v32i2.46
Fikri & Wahidin, F. & W. (2017). Konsepsi Hukum Waris Islam Dan Hukum Waris Adat (Analisis Kontekstualisasi dalam Masyarakat Bugis). Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum. https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v2i2.500
García Iommi, L. (2020). Whose justice? The ICC' Africa problem.' International Relations. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117819842294
Gatta, Hannan. (2021). personal communication, Sengkang-Wajo, 31 August.
Hadi, S. (2020). Lasem: Harmoni dan Kontestasi Masyarakat Bineka. Islam Nusantara: Journal for Study of Islamic History and Culture. https://doi.org/10.47776/islamnusantara.v1i1.49
Hafidhuddin. (2022). Kontestasi Hadis Di Era Multimedia : Kajian Hadis Di Youtube Mengenai Alat Musik. Al-Bayan: Jurnal Imu Al-Qur’an dan Hadist, 5(1), 30–42.
Haryanto, B. S. (2021). Hukum Waris Kitab Undang-Undang Perdata. Purwokerto: Unsoed Press.
Hasnita, I., & Zubair, A. (2019). Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Ampikale Dalam Sistem Kewarisan Masyarakat Bugis . Al-Syakhshiyyah Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Dan Kemanusiaan. https://doi.org/10.35673/as-hki.v1i2.476
Helvirah. (2021). personal communication, Sengkang-Wajo, 1 September.
Huda, M. (2019). Toward a new theology for a religiously restless region: the accommodation of local traditions into Islamic law in Lombok. Journal of Indonesian Islam. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2019.13.1.50-72
Huda, M., et al., (2020). Fiqh and customary negotiation in avoiding inheritance disputes: tradition among the Mataraman society in East Java. Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v15i2.2714
Humaedi, M. A. (2014). The Failure of Cultural Acculturation and Religious Issues in the Conflict of Lampung. Analisa 21(2), 149-162.
Huning, T. R. and Fabian Wahi. "The origins of agricultural inheritance traditions." Journal of Comparative Economics, 2021, 49 (3), 660-674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2021.01.004
Ibrahim, I. (2018). Contiguity of Islam and Local Tradition on the Hinterland Malays of West Kalimantan. Ulumuna. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v22i2.286
Ikhwan, H., et al. (2019). The contestation of social memory in the new media: A case study of the 1965 killings in Indonesia. Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies. https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-0010
Izzuddin, A., et al. (2022). Cultural myth of eclipse in a Central Javanese village: Between Islamic identity and local tradition. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 78(4), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i4.7282
Kalam D. M & Akbar, R. (2020). Hareuta peunulang: Protection of women in Aceh according to customary and Islamic law. Samarah, 4(1), 259–281. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v4i1.5921
Kamal, S. F. (2018). Bentuk Dan Nilai-Nilai Yang Terkandung Dalam Tradisi Cowongan Di Kabupaten Banyumas: Kajian Budaya. Sutasoma: Jurnal Sastra Jawa. https://doi.org/10.15294/sutasoma.v6i2.29062
Kartini & Inah, E. N. (2018). The Legal System of Inheritance of Indigenous Bugis-Bone: Islamic Law Perspective. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/175/1/012139
Khaled and Rezeg. "Islamic inheritance calculation system based on Arabic ontology (AraFamOnto)." Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 2021, 33 (1), 68-76. 10.1016/j.jksuci.2018.11.015
Li, Y., & Lau, C. (2022). Making or remaking people and places through festivals: an island tourism perspective. International Journal of Event and Festival Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-10-2021-0078
Marro’aini, M., & Kholis, N. (2019). Kontekstualisasi Hukum Waris Dalam QS. An-Nisa [4]:11 (Studi Pembagian Harta Warisan Pada Masyarakat Adat Kampar). Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam. https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2019.181.93-104
Meldi, N.F., Yani T, Ahmad, Bistari, Sugiatno, Nursangaji A. (2023). Klarifikasi Perhitungan Matematika Menggunakan Aplikasi I Waris Terintegrasi Hukum Waris. Jurnal Alwatzikhoebillah: Kajian Islam Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Humaniora. https://doi.org/10.37567/alwatzikhoebillah.v9i1.1540
Monsees, L. (2019). Public relations: Theorizing the contestation of security technology. Security Dialogue. https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010619870364
Mostafa, M. A., et al. (2022). Novel graphical family tree representation to develop an interactive expert system. Experts System.
Muzainah, G., & Syaikhu, S. (2020). Pembagian Warisan Keluarga Ulama Palangka Raya Dalam Tinjauan Hukum Waris Adat Masyarakat Banjar. Jurnal Hadratul Madaniyah. https://doi.org/10.33084/jhm.v7i1.1598
Nugroho, F. J. (2019). Memperkuat ketahanan nasional melalui kearifan lokal. SINOV: Media Informasi Penelitian Kabupaten Semarang, 2(2), 166–175.
Nugroho, I. Y., Islam, U., Hasan, Z., Probolinggo, G., & Ch, M. (2022). Pluralisme Hukum Dalam Tradisi Perkawinan Sasuku Pada Masyarakat Minang Journal of Indonesian Islamic Family Law 4(1), 25–41. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-manhaj.v4i1.5722.
Nurhadi. Himpunan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang Berkaitan dengan Kompilasi Hukum Islam dengan Pengertian dalam Pembahasannya. Perpustakaan dan Layanan Informasi Biro Hukum dan Humas Badan Urusan Administrasi Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia, 2011.
Pabbajah, M., et al. (2021). Pilgrimage to Bawakaraeng Mountain among the Bugis-Makassar in Indonesia: A contestation between Islamic identity and local tradition. In International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage.
Palmi, P & Lezzi, G. E. (2020). How authenticity and tradition shift into sustainability and innovation: Evidence from Italian agritourism. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155389
Pradhana, R. I., et al. (2021). The development of the acculturation of the Chinese muslim and Java culture in Semarang, with the case of comparison between Sam Poo Kong and Hivara Buddhagaya Watugong. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/794/1/012241
Radhiyah, S. (2021). personal communication, Sengkang-Wajo, 27 August.
Rahman, U., et al. (2022). Men and Women in the Distribution of Inheritance in Mandar, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Samarah, 6(1), 156–175. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i1.9094
Rasyidi, Ali. (2022). personal communication, Barru, 29 October.
Siregar, F. A. (2020). Antara Hukum Islam dan Adat; Sistem Baru Pembagian Harta Warisan. Jurnal El-Qanuniy: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kesyariahan Dan Pranata Sosial, 5(2), 166–180. https://doi.org/10.24952/el-qonuniy.v5i2.2073
Sudarwani, M. M., et al (2021). The cultural acculturation in architecture of Karawang Chinatown, West Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/878/1/012003
Sulfana. (2024). Model Pembagian Warisan (Studi Komparatif Perhitungan Secara Manual dan Aplikasi). Tesis Universitas Islam Sunan Kaligaja. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/69612/
Syahdan, S. (2016). Pembagian Harta Warisan dalam Tradisi Masyarakat Sasak : Studi pada Masyarakat Jago Lombok Tengah. PALAPA. https://doi.org/10.36088/palapa.v4i2.28
Tiukhtiaev, A. (2018). Stigmatised and scientific knowledge: Some characteristics of competition for legitimacy between new age and academic archaeology. Zhurnal Issledovanii Sotsial’noi Politiki. https://doi.org/10.17323/727-0634-2018-16-2-265-278
Wahyuni, A & Harisah. (2019). Humanism in Inheritance Distribution in Sampang Madurese Culture. Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 19(2), 219–228. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v19i2.13899
Wantaka, A., et al. (2019). Pembagian Warisan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Adat Jawa (Studi Komparasi). 01(1), 13–33.
Wicaksono, B., et al. (2017). Transformation of dwelling culture based on riverine community in Musi River Palembang. AIP Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5011595
Willy Y. A. S. (2007). Structural Modelling Of Cost Overrun Factors In Construction Industry. Pembagian Harta Waris Dalam Adat Tionghoa Di Kecamatan Ilir Timur I Kota Palembang.
Zakariah, M. A. (2021). personal communication, Sengkang-Wajo, 1 September.
Zuhdi. (2017). Problematika Penghitungan dan Pembagian Warisan Pada Keluarga Muslim 17(1), 107–131.
Zuhrah, Z., et al. (2021). Aktualisasi Sasu’u Salemba Dalam Pembagian Warisan Masyarakat Bima. SANGAJI: Jurnal Pemikiran Syariah Dan Hukum. https://doi.org/10.52266/sangaji.v5i1.602
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Husnul Fahimah Ilyas, Fakhriati Fakhriati, Muslimin A.R. Effendy, Musyfikah Ilyas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
