UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK BUAH DAN BATANG RIMBANG (Solanum torvum Swartz)

Muhammad Alfarabi, Gupita Widyadhari

Abstract


Abstrak

Indonesia memiliki banyak tumbuhan yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pangan dan obat, salah satunya adalah rimbang (Solanum torvum Swartz). Rimbang telah dikenal luas sebagai sayuran yang buahnya dapat dimakan secara mentah dan dapat digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Namun demikian, tidak banyak kajian ilmiah mengenai efek toksik beserta senyawa yang terkandung pada buah dan batang rimbang, sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan informasi efek toksisitas dari ekstrak buah dan batang rimbang serta senyawa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji toksisitas adalah Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) dan deteksi senyawa menggunakan uji fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah dan batang rimbang memiliki efek toksisitas. Nilai LC50 ekstrak buah rimbang sebesar 248 ppm, sedangkan nilai LC50 ekstrak batang rimbang sebesar 129 ppm. Ekstrak buah rimbang mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan tanin, sedangkan hasil uji fitokimia terhadap batang rimbang mengandung alkaloid, saponin, dan tanin. Kedua ekstrak tersebut memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi salah satu sumber fitofarmaka antikanker.

Abstract

Many plants in Indonesia are used as food and medicine, such as rimbang (Solanum torvum Swartz). This plant has been widely known as a vegetable which the fruit consumed in raw and also useful in traditional medicine. However, scientific studies on the toxic effects and compounds contained in its fruit and stem have not been widely carried out, so the aim of this study is to provide information on the toxicity effects of them and their compounds. The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) was used to determine the toxicity effect of the extracts, while the compounds in these extracts were detected by using phytochemical assay. The results showed that those extracts have toxicity effects. The LC50 of the fruit extract was 248 ppm while the stem extract was 129 ppm. The fruit extract contained alkaloid and tannin, while the stem extract contained alkaloid, saponin, and tannin. Both extracts have potential to be a resource of anticancer phytopharmaca.


Keywords


Fitokimia; Rimbang; Solanum torvum; Toksisitas; Phytochemical; Toxicity

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v11i2.6360 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

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